Anna Melin
ProfessorMin idrottsvetenskapliga undervisnings- och forskningsverksamhet kan främst placeras inom det naturvetenskapliga/idrottsmedicinska fältet och specifikt inom idrottsnutrition och näringsfysiologi. Jag påbörjade min forskarutbildning på Köpenhamns Universitet efter 15 års kliniskt arbete som legitimerad idrottsdietist inom dansk elitidrott i Team Danmark. Min kliniska erfarenhet har bidragit till mitt intresse för att generera evidensbaserad kunskap som är användbar för såväl idrottare, tränare, idrottsfysiologer och idrottsmedicinsk personal.
Undervisning
Jag är kursansvarig och undervisar främst på våra kurser inom nutrition och idrottsnutrition (4IM115, 4IV015,1IV003,1IV209).
Forskning
Mitt forskningsfokus är idrottsnutrition, idrottsmedicin, relativ energibrist och ätstörningar.
Idrottsnutrition handlar bland annat om att tima måltiderna och intag av specifika näringsämnen för att uppnå maximal träningseffekt och återhämtning samt att periodisera matintaget i relation till träningsmängd och -målsättning.
Relativ energibrist (REDs) är ett syndrom, som uppstår på bakgrund av ett långvarigt lågt energiintag i relation till träningmängd och forskningen från 2014 fram till idag, indikerar att det är ett av de vanligaste nutritionsrelaterade problemen, hos både manliga och kvinnliga idrottare. Relativ energibrist förekommer i alla idrotter med stora träningsmängder, men är vanligast i discipliner där kroppsvikt och kroppssammansättning har betydning för prestation såsom i uthållighets-, viktkategori- samt estetiska idrotter.
Kortvarig låg energitillgänglighet medför mindre glykogenlager, nedsatt proteinsyntes samt metabola och endokrina adaptationer. Långvarig låg energitillgänglighet är problematisk då det medför en ökad risk allvarliga fysiologiska konsekvenser som osteoporos, endoteldysfunktion och dyslipidemi samt belastningsskador. I en studie, bland kvinnliga uthållighetsidrottare, fann vi att ca 60% hade oregelbunden eller utebliven menstruation på grund av låg energitillgänglighet och att ca. 45% hade nedsatt benmineraldensitet. Vi har även visat att utebliven menstruation på grund av låg energitillgänglighet har negativ effekt på neuromuskulär uthållighet.
Relativ energibrist kan vara orsakad av eller medföra en ökad risk för psykisk ohälsa såsom depression, ätstörningar och tvångsmässigt träningsbeteende, vilket i sin tur kan förvärra symptombilden och försvåra behandling.
Uppdrag
Internationella Olympiska Kommitténs REDs arbetsgrupp som i september 2023 publicerade ett REDs Special Issue i British Journal of Sports Science.
Grundare och ledare av ECSS REDs Special Interest Group
Mina forskargrupper
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Hållbar idrott och prestation (HIP) Inom den tvärvetenskapliga forskargruppen Hållbar idrott och prestation (HIP) fokuserar vi på hållbar prestationsutveckling inom elitidrotten.
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Polisers hållbara hälsa Forskargruppen Polisers hållbara hälsa arbetar tvärvetenskapligt genom att longitudinellt undersöka polisers och polisstudenters fysiska förmåga och hälsa, såväl fysisk som…
Mina pågående forskningsprojekt
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Projekt: Flickor är inte små pojkar Syftet med detta projekt är att främja välmående bland idrottande flickor och unga kvinnor genom att öka flickornas, deras vårdnadshavares och tränares kunskap om…
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Projekt: Förstå uthållighetsnutrition – ett läroprogram (FUEL) Det övergripande syftet med forskningsprojektet är att öka kunskapsnivån kring relativ energibrist och utveckla en effektiv…
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Projekt: Relativ energibrist i svensk idrott (REI-projektet) Relativ energibrist inom idrotten (REI) är ett syndrom som påverkar både hälsa och fysiologisk funktion. REI är vanligt i idrotter med…
Mina avslutade forskningsprojekt
Publikationer
Publikationer i urval
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Oxfeldt, M., Phillips, S.M., Andersen, O.E., Johansen, F.T., Bangshaab, M., et al. (2023). Low energy availability reduces myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in trained females. Journal of Physiology. 601 (16). 3481-3497.
Status: Publicerad -
Fahrenholtz, I.L., Melin, A.K., Garthe, I., Hollekim-Strand, S.M., Ivarsson, A., et al. (2023). Effects of a 16-Week Digital Intervention on Sports Nutrition Knowledge and Behavior in Female Endurance Athletes with Risk of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs). Nutrients. 15 (5).
Status: Publicerad -
Torstveit, M.K., Ackerman, K.E., Constantini, N., Holtzman, B., Koehler, K., et al. (2023). Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) : a narrative review by a subgroup of the IOC consensus on REDs. British Journal of Sports Medicine. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. 57 (17). 1119-1126.
Status: Publicerad -
Mountjoy, M., Ackerman, K.E., Bailey, D.M., Burke, L.M., Constantini, N., et al. (2023). 2023 International Olympic Committee's (IOC) consensus statement on Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs). British Journal of Sports Medicine. 57 (17). 1073-1097.
Status: Publicerad -
Lundy, B., Torstveit, M.K., Stenqvist, T.B., Burke, L.M., Garthe, I., et al. (2022). Screening for Low Energy Availability in Male Athletes : Attempted Validation of LEAM-Q. Nutrients. 14 (9).
Status: Publicerad -
Burke, L.M., Castell, L.M., Casa, D.J., Close, G.L., Costa, R.J.S., et al. (2019). International Association of Athletics Federations Consensus Statement 2019 : Nutrition for Athletics.. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 29 (2). 73-84.
Status: Publicerad -
Fahrenholtz, I.L., Sjödin, A., Benardot, D., Tornberg, A.B., Skouby, S., et al. (2018). Within-day energy deficiency and reproductive function in female endurance athletes. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 28 (3). 1139-1146.
Status: Publicerad -
Tornberg, A.B., Melin, A.K., Koivula, F.M., Johansson, A., Skouby, S., et al. (2017). Reduced Neuromuscular Performance in Amenorrheic Elite Endurance Athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 49 (12). 2478-2485.
Status: Publicerad -
Melin, A.K., Tornberg, Å.B., Skouby, S., Faber, J., Ritz, C., et al. (2014). The LEAF questionnaire : a screening tool for the identification of female athletes at risk for the female athlete triad. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 48. 540-545.
Status: Publicerad
Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
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Melin, A.K., Areta, J.L., Heikura, I.A., Stellingwerff, T., Torstveit, M.K., et al. (2024). Direct and indirect impact of low energy availability on sports performance. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 34 (1).
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Laxdal, A., Torstveit, M.K., Ryman Augustsson, S., Ausland, A., Bjärsholm, D., et al. (2024). FIDES Athlete Development Programme : project background and study protocol of an embedded multiple case study. BMJ Open sport & exercise medicine. 10 (1).
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Lichtenstein, M.B., Hertz, S.P.T., Johansen, K.K., Rytter, J., Sundgot-Borgen, J., et al. (2024). Are Sub-elite Athletes at Higher Risk of Eating Disorders, Exercise Addiction, Depression, and Low Energy Availability Compared With Elite Athletes?. Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine. 34 (6). 572-577.
Status: Publicerad -
Edlund, K., Forsberg, N., Källberg, H., Melin, A.K. (2024). Assessment of eating disorder symptoms, compulsive exercise, body dissatisfaction and depression in Swedish national team gymnasts, with a one-year follow-up. Eating and Weight Disorders. 29 (1).
Status: Publicerad -
Hamnlund, C., Kjær, J.B., Linnér, S., Melin, A.K. (2024). 'What should I do as a coach?' : an interview study with Swedish national team coaches about their professional practice and experiences in addressing potential health risks in elite sport. Sport in Society : Cultures, Media, Politics, Commerce. 27 (12). 1917-1937.
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Oxfeldt, M., Marsi, D., Christensen, P.M., Andersen, O.E., Johansen, F.T., et al. (2024). Low Energy Availability Followed by Optimal Energy Availability Does Not Benefit Performance in Trained Females. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 56 (5). 902-916.
Status: Publicerad -
Jeppesen, J.S., Caldwell, H.G., Lossius, L.O., Melin, A.K., Gliemann, L., et al. (2024). Low energy availability increases immune cell formation of reactive oxygen species and impairs exercise performance in female endurance athletes. Redox Biology. 75.
Status: Publicerad -
Oxfeldt, M., Phillips, S.M., Andersen, O.E., Johansen, F.T., Bangshaab, M., et al. (2023). Low energy availability reduces myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in trained females. Journal of Physiology. 601 (16). 3481-3497.
Status: Publicerad -
Fahrenholtz, I.L., Melin, A.K., Garthe, I., Wasserfurth, P., Ivarsson, A., et al. (2023). Short-term effects and long-term changes of FUEL - a digital sports nutrition intervention on REDs related symptoms in female athletes. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living. 5.
Status: Publicerad -
Nordin-Bates, S.M., Lundström, P., Melin, A.K., Sundgot-Borgen, J., Edlund, K. (2023). Preventing Disordered Eating in Teenage Ballet Students : Evaluation of DancExcellent, a Combined CBT and Nutrition Education Intervention. Medical problems of performing artists. 38 (2). 71-79.
Status: Publicerad -
Karlsson, E., Alricsson, M., Melin, A.K. (2023). Symptoms of eating disorders and low energy availability in recreational active female runners. BMJ Open sport & exercise medicine. 9 (3).
Status: Publicerad -
Fahrenholtz, I.L., Melin, A.K., Garthe, I., Hollekim-Strand, S.M., Ivarsson, A., et al. (2023). Effects of a 16-Week Digital Intervention on Sports Nutrition Knowledge and Behavior in Female Endurance Athletes with Risk of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs). Nutrients. 15 (5).
Status: Publicerad -
Onell, C., Skillgate, E., Melin, A.K., Källberg, H., Walden, M., et al. (2023). Dietary habits in adolescent male and female handball players : the Swedish Handball Cohort. BMJ Open sport & exercise medicine. 9 (4).
Status: Publicerad -
Stenqvist, T.B., Melin, A.K., Torstveit, M.K. (2023). Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) Indicators in Male Adolescent Endurance Athletes : A 3-Year Longitudinal Study. Nutrients. 15 (24).
Status: Publicerad -
Lundy, B., Torstveit, M.K., Stenqvist, T.B., Burke, L.M., Garthe, I., et al. (2022). Screening for Low Energy Availability in Male Athletes : Attempted Validation of LEAM-Q. Nutrients. 14 (9).
Status: Publicerad -
Fahrenholtz, I.L., Melin, A.K., Wasserfurth, P., Stenling, A., Logue, D., et al. (2022). Risk of Low Energy Availability, Disordered Eating, Exercise Addiction, and Food Intolerances in Female Endurance Athletes. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living. 4.
Status: Publicerad -
Kuettel, A., Melin, A.K., Larsen, C.H., Lichtenstein, M.B. (2022). Depressive Symptoms in Danish Elite Athletes Using the Major Depressive Inventory (MDI) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Scandinavian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 4 (1). 1-9.
Status: Publicerad -
Logue, D.M., Madigan, S.M., Melin, A.K., Mcdonnell, S., Delahunt, E., et al. (2021). Self-reported reproductive health of athletic and recreational active males in Ireland : potential health effects interfering with perfromance. European Journal of Sport Science. 21 (2). 275-284.
Status: Publicerad -
Stenqvist, T.B., Melin, A.K., Garthe, I., Slater, G., Paulsen, G., et al. (2021). Prevalence of Surrogate Markers of Relative Energy Deficiency in Male Norwegian Olympic-Level Athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 31 (6). 497-506.
Status: Publicerad -
Lichtenstein, M.B., Melin, A.K., Szabo, A., Holm, L. (2021). The Prevalence of Exercise Addiction Symptoms in a Sample of National Level Elite Athletes. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living. 3.
Status: Publicerad -
Stenqvist, T.B., Torstveit, M.K., Faber, J., Melin, A.K. (2020). Impact of a 4-Week Intensified Endurance Training Intervention on Markers of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) and Performance Among Well-Trained Male Cyclists. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 11. 1-11.
Status: Publicerad -
Logue, D.M., Madigan, S.M., Melin, A.K., Delahunt, E., Heinen, M., et al. (2020). Low Energy Availability in Athletes 2020 : An Updated Narrative Review of Prevalence, Risk, Within-Day Energy Balance, Knowledge and Impact of Sports Performance. Nutrients. 12 (3). 1-19.
Status: Publicerad -
Burke, L.M., Castell, L.M., Casa, D.J., Close, G.L., Costa, R.J.S., et al. (2019). International Association of Athletics Federations Consensus Statement 2019 : Nutrition for Athletics.. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 29 (2). 73-84.
Status: Publicerad -
Melin, A.K., Ritz, C., Faber, J., Skouby, S., Pingel, J., et al. (2019). Impact of Menstrual Function on Hormonal Response to Repeated Bouts of Intense Exercise. Frontiers in Physiology. 10. 1-8.
Status: Publicerad -
Torstveit, M.K., Fahrenholtz, I.L., Lichtenstein, M.B., Stenqvist, T.B., Melin, A.K. (2019). Exercise dependence, eating disorder symptoms and biomarkers of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports (RED-S) among male endurance athletes. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine. 5 (1). 1-8.
Status: Publicerad -
Carr, A., Mcgawley, K., Govus, A., Andersson, E.P., Shannon, O.M., et al. (2019). Nutritional Intake in Elite Cross-Country Skiers During Two Days of Training and Competition. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 29 (3). 273-281.
Status: Publicerad -
Needleman, I., Rankin, A., Ashley, P., Fairbrother, T., Fine, P., et al. (2019). Infographic. Nutrition and oral health in sport : time for action. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 53 (22). 1432-1433.
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Mountjoy, M., Sundgot-Borgen, J., Burke, L., Ackerman, K.E., Blauwet, C., et al. (2018). International Olympic Committee (IOC) Consensus Statement on Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) : 2018 Update. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 28 (4). 316-331.
Status: Publicerad -
Mountjoy, M., Sundgot-Borgen, J.K., Burke, L.M., Ackerman, K.E., Blauwet, C., et al. (2018). IOC consensus statement on relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) : 2018 update. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 52 (11). 687-697.
Status: Publicerad -
Fahrenholtz, I.L., Sjödin, A., Benardot, D., Tornberg, A.B., Skouby, S., et al. (2018). Within-day energy deficiency and reproductive function in female endurance athletes. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 28 (3). 1139-1146.
Status: Publicerad -
Staal, S., Sjödin, A., Fahrenholtz, I., Bonnesen, K., Melin, A.K. (2018). Low RMRratio as a Surrogate Marker for Energy Deficiency, the Choice of Predictive Equation Vital for Correctly Identifying Male and Female Ballet Dancers at Risk. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 28 (4). 412-418.
Status: Publicerad -
Torstveit, M.K., Fahrenholtz, I., Stenqvist, T.B., Sylta, O., Melin, A.K. (2018). Within-Day Energy Deficiency and Metabolic Perturbation in Male Endurance Athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 28 (4). 419-427.
Status: Publicerad -
Tornberg, A.B., Melin, A.K., Koivula, F.M., Johansson, A., Skouby, S., et al. (2017). Reduced Neuromuscular Performance in Amenorrheic Elite Endurance Athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 49 (12). 2478-2485.
Status: Publicerad -
Melin, A.K., Tornberg, A.B., Skouby, S., Moller, S.S., Faber, J., et al. (2016). Low-energy density and high fiber intake are dietary concerns in female endurance athletes. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 26 (9). 1060-1071.
Status: Publicerad -
Melin, A.K., Tornberg, A.B., Skouby, S., Moller, S.S., Sundgot-Borgen, J., et al. (2015). Energy availability and the female athlete triad in elite endurance athletes. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 25 (5). 610-622.
Status: Publicerad -
Melin, A.K., Tornberg, Å.B., Skouby, S., Faber, J., Ritz, C., et al. (2014). The LEAF questionnaire : a screening tool for the identification of female athletes at risk for the female athlete triad. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 48. 540-545.
Status: Publicerad -
Melin, A.K., Torstveit, M.K., Burke, L., Marks, S., Sundgot-Borgen, J. (2014). Disordered Eating and Eating Disorders in Aquatic Sports. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 24 (4). 450-459.
Status: Publicerad -
Helge, E.W., Melin, A.K., Waaddegaard, M., Kanstrup, I.-. (2012). BMD in elite female triathletes is related to isokinetic peak torque without any association to sex hormone concentrations. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 52 (5). 489-500.
Status: Publicerad
Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
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Mountjoy, M., Ackerman, K.E., Bailey, D.M., Burke, L.M., Constantini, N., et al. (2023). 2023 International Olympic Committee's (IOC) consensus statement on Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs). British Journal of Sports Medicine. 57 (17). 1073-1097.
Status: Publicerad -
Mountjoy, M., Ackerman, K.E., Bailey, D.M., Burke, L.M., Constantini, N., et al. (2023). Avoiding the 'REDs Card'. We all have a role in the mitigation of REDs in athletes. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 57 (17). 1063-1064.
Status: Publicerad -
Hackney, A.C., Melin, A.K., Ackerman, K.E., Torstveit, M.K., Burke, L.M., et al. (2023). REDs alert : male athletes be wary and scientists take action!. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 57 (17). 1066-1067.
Status: Publicerad -
Needleman, I., Ashley, P., Fairbrother, T., Fine, P., Gallagher, J., et al. (2018). Nutrition and oral health in sport : time for action. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 52 (23). 1483-1484.
Status: Publicerad -
Mountjoy, M., Maughan, R., Benardot, D., Costill, D., Cox, G., et al. (2014). FINA-Yakult consensus statement on nutrition for the aquatic sports.. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 24 (4). 349-350.
Status: Publicerad
Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
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Torstveit, M.K., Ackerman, K.E., Constantini, N., Holtzman, B., Koehler, K., et al. (2023). Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) : a narrative review by a subgroup of the IOC consensus on REDs. British Journal of Sports Medicine. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. 57 (17). 1119-1126.
Status: Publicerad -
Melin, A.K., Heikura, I.A., Tenforde, A., Mountjoy, M. (2019). Energy Availability in Athletics : Health, Performance, and Physique. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. Human Kinetics. 29 (2). 152-164.
Status: Publicerad -
Burke, L.M., Lundy, B., Fahrenholtz, I.L., Melin, A.K. (2018). Pitfalls of Conducting and Interpreting Estimates of Energy Availability in Free-Living Athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. Human Kinetics. 28 (4). 350-363.
Status: Publicerad
Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Refereegranskat)
- Hansen, M., Dalgaard, L.B., Zebis, M.K., Gliemann, L., Melin, A.K., et al. (2018). The female handball player. Handball Sports Medicine : Basic Science, Injury Management and Return to Sport. Springer. 553-570.